DIAGNOSTIC ASPECTS OF SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE IN EARLY NEONATAL SEPSIS

Currently the neonatal sepsis is a major cause of mortality in the neonatal resuscitation and intensive care units. Systemic inflammatory response (SIR) is considered as the main pathogenetic component of sepsis. The inflammatory mediators take the lead in the SIR development. There exist over 300 inflammatory mediators, however only dozens of them are used in the clinical practice as markers, the others are to be reasoned from the standpoint of their reliability, sensitivity and specificity. None of the markers can be regarded as universal, wherefore the problems emerge in identification of key points of CIR pathogenesis. The most severe SIR complication is the evolving multiple organ failure (MOF). The mortality rate due to MOF still remains extremely high, while making up 80% of the total mortality in resuscitation units. Early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis is critical to reduce the mortality rate in these patients. Clinical symptoms with infants are marginal and non-specific, and therefore the introduction in practice of accurate methods of early laboratory diagnostics of neonatal sepsis is one of the vital tasks of neonatology.

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