Preview

Messenger of ANESTHESIOLOGY AND RESUSCITATION

Advanced search

MODERN DEFINITIONS AND PRINCIPLES OF INTENSIVE CARE OF SEPSIS IN CHILDREN

https://doi.org/10.21292/2078-5658-2018-15-4-61-69

Abstract

The review is devoted to one of the most critical issues of modern intensive care – the diagnostics of sepsis in children. The article describes the modern definition of sepsis and presents the review of the recent publications devoted to pediatric sepsis. It speculates on the benefits and drawbacks of Sepsis-3 recommendations for pediatric intensive care. The special emphasis is put on the early detection and assessment of organ failure severity in the children with an infection using special scores of qSOFA or PELOD-2.

About the Authors

A. U. Lekmanov
Research Institute of Children's Surgery by N.I. Pirogov Russian Research Institute Medical University,
Russian Federation

Andershan U. Lekmanov Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, 
Senior Researcher. 


1, Ostrovityanova St., Moscow, 117997 



P. I. Mironov
Bashkiriya State Medical University.
Russian Federation

Petr I. Mironov Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor of Children Surgery Department 
with PO Training. 


3, Lenina St., Ufa, Bashkortostan Republic, 450008.



V. A. Rudnov
Ural State Medical University.
Russian Federation

Vladimir A. Rudnov Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Department.


3, Repina St., Yekaterinburg, 620028.



V. V. Kulabukhov
A.V. Vishnevsky Institute of Surgery.
Russian Federation
Vladimir V. Kulabukhov Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, 
Head of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Ward of Burns Center.


References

1. Lekmanov А.U., Аzovskiy D.K., Pilyutik S.F. et al. Management of hemodynamics in children with severe traumas based on transpulmonary thermodilution. Anesteziol. i Reanimatol., 2011, no. 1, pp. 32-36. (In Russ.)

2. Semenova Zh.B., Melnikov А.V., Lekmanov А.U. et al. Recommendations on the management of children with brain injury. Ros. Vestn. Detskoy Khirurgii, Anesteziologii I Reanimatologii, 2016, no. 2, pp. 112-181. (In Russ.)

3. Agyeman P.K.A., Schlapbach L.J., Giannoni E. et al. Epidemiology of blood culture-proven bacterial sepsis in children in Switzerland: a population-based cohort study. Lancet Child Adolesc. Health, 2017, vol. 1, pp. 124-133.

4. Balamuth F., Weiss S.L., Fitzgerald J.C. et al. Protocolized treatment is associated with decreased organ dysfunction in pediatric severe sepsis. Pediatr. Crit. Care Med., 2016, vol. 17, pp. 817-822.

5. Berlot G., Vassallo M.C., Busetto N. et al. Relationship between the timing of administration of IgM and IgA enriched immunoglobulins in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock and the outcome: A retrospective analysis. J. Crit. Care, 2012, vol. 27, pp. 167-171.

6. Brown S.G.A. Fluid resuscitation for people with sepsis: it’s time to challenge our basic assumptions. BMJ, 2014, vol. 349, pp. 4611.

7. Carcillo J.A., Davis A.L., Zaritsky A. Role of early fluid resuscitation in pediatric septic shock. JAMA, 1991, vol. 266, pp. 1242-1245.

8. Capasso L., Borrelli C.A., Parrella C. et al. Are IgM-enriched immunoglobulins an effective adjuvant in septic VLBW infants? Ital. J. Pediatrics, 2013, vol. 39, pp. 63.

9. Davis A.L. American College of Critical Care Medicine Clinical practice parameters for hemodynamic support of pediatric and neonatal septic shock. Crit. Care Med., 2017, vol. 45, pp. 1061-1093.

10. Emrath E.T., Fortenberry J.D., Travers C. et al. Resuscitation with balanced fluids is associated with improved survival in pediatric severe sepsis. Crit. Care Med., 2017, vol. 45, pp. 1177-1183.

11. Fisher E.C. Clinical spectrum of shock in the pediatric emergencydepartment. Pediatric Emergency Care, 2010, vol. 26, pp. 622-625.

12. Ford N., Hargreaves S., Shanks L. Mortality after fluid bolus in children withshock due to sepsis or severe infection: a SR and MA. PLoS One, 2012, vol. 7, pp. e43953.

13. Glassford N.J., Bellomo R. Albumin administration in sepsis: the case for and against. ICU Management, 2017, vol. 17, pp. 36-43.

14. Goldstein B., Giroir B., Randolph A. et al. International pediatric sepsis consensus conference: Definitions for sepsis and organ dysfunction in pediatrics. Pediatr. Crit. Care Med., 2005, vol. 6, pp. 2-8.

15. Gorgis N., Asselin J.M., Fontana C. et al. Evaluation of the association of early elevated lactate with outcomes in children with severe sepsis or septic shock. PediatrEmerg Care, 2017, (epab). doi: 10.1097/PEC.000000000000102, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28072671

16. Han Y.Y., Carcillo J.A., Dragotta M.A. et al. Early reversal of pediatric–neonatal septic shock by community physicians is associated with improved outcome. Pediatrics, 2003, vol. 112, pp. 793-799.

17. Haque K.N., Zaidi M.H., Bahakim H. IgM-enriched intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in neonatal sepsis. Am. J. Dis. Child, 1988, vol. 142, pp. 1293-1296.

18. Inwald D.P., Butt W., Tasker R.C. Fluid resuscitation of shock in children: what, whence and whither? Int. Care Med., 2015, vol. 41, pp. 1457-1459.

19. Kawasaki T., Shime N. Straney L. et al. Paediatric sequential organ failure assessment score (pSOFA): a plea for the world wide collaboration for consensus. Int. Care Med., 2018, (epab) https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134–018–5188–7

20. Kissoon N., Carcillo J.A., Espinosa V. et al. World Federation of Pediatric Intensive Care and Critical Care Societies: Global Sepsis Initiative. Pediatr. Crit. Care Med., 2011, vol. 12, pp. 494-503.

21. Kola E., Çelaj E., Bakalli I. et al. Efficacy of an IgM preparation in the treatment of patients with sepsis: a double-blind randomized clinical trial in a pediatric intensive care unit (Original research). SEEJPH. 2014, URL: researchgate.net/profile/Kola_Elmira

22. Larsen G.Y., Mecham N., Greenberg R. An emergency department septic shock protocol and care guideline for children initiated at triage. Pediatrics, 2011, vol. 127, pp. 1585-1592.

23. Leclerc F., Duhamel A., Deken V. et al. Can the pediatric logisticorgan dysfunction-2 score on day 1 be used in clinical criteria for sepsis in children? Pediatr. Crit. Care Med., 2017, vol. 18, pp. 758-763.

24. Masutani S., Senzaki H., Ishido H. et al. Vasopressin in the tretment of vasodilatory shock in children. Pediatr. Inf., 2005, vol. 47, pp. 132-136.

25. Matics T.J., Sanchez-Pinto L.N. Adaptation and validation of a pediatric sequential organ failure assessment score and evaluation of the Sepsis-3 definitions in critically ill children. JAMA Pediatr., 2017, vol. 171, pp. e172352

26. Medeiros D.N., Ferranti J.F., Delgado A.F. et al. Colloids for the initial management of severe sepsis and septic shock in pediatric patients: A systematic review colloids for the initial management of severe sepsis and septic shock in pediatric patients: A systematic review. Pediatr. Emerg Care, 2015, vol. 31, pp. 11–16. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=de%20Carvalho%20WB%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26535507.

27. Myburgh J., Finfer S. Causes of death after fluid bolus resuscitation: new insights from FEAST. BMC Med., 2013, vol. 11, pp. 67.

28. Norrby-Teglund A., Haque K.N., Hammarstrom L.A. Intravenous polyclonal IgM-enriched immunoglobulin therapy in sepsis: a review of clinical efficacy in relation to microbiological aetiology and severity of sepsis. J. Intern. Med., 2006, vol. 260, pp. 509-516.

29. Opiyo N., Molyneux E., Sinclair D. et al. Immediate fluid management of children with severe febrile illness and signs of impaired circulation in low-income settings: a contextualized SR. BMJ Open, 2014, vol. 4, pp. e004934.

30. Paul R., Melendez E., Stack A. et al. Improving adherence to PALS septic shock guidelines. Pediatrics, 2014, vol. 133, pp. e1358–e1366.

31. Paul R., Neuman М., Monuteaux М. et al. Adherence to PALS sepsis guidelines and hospital length of stay. Pediatrics, 2012, vol. 130, pp. 273-280.

32. Russell M.J., Kanthimathinathan H.K. Is there an optimum duration of fluid bolus in pediatric septic shock? A Critical appraisal of fluid bolus over 15–20 versus 5–10 minutes each in the first hour of resuscitation in children with septic shock. Pediatr. Crit. Care Med., 2018, vol. 19, pp. 369-371.

33. Santschi М., Leclerc F. Management of children with sepsis and septic shock: a survey among pediatric intensivists of the Réseau Mère-Enfant de la Francophonie. Ann. Int. Care, 2013, vol. 3, pp. 7-14.

34. Schlapbach L.J., Straney L., Bellomo R. et al. Prognostic accuracy of age-adapted SOFA, SIRS, PELOD-2, and qSOFA for in-hospital mortality among children with suspected infection admitted to the intensive care unit. Int. Care Med., 2018, vol. 44, pp. 179-188.

35. Schlapbach L.J., Kissoon N. Defining pediatric sepsis. JAMA Pediatr., 2018, vol. 172, pp. 312-314.

36. Schlapbach L.J., MacLaren G., Festa M. et al. Prediction of pediatric sepsis mortality within 1h of intensive care admission. Int. Care Med., 2017, vol. 43, pp. 1085-1096.

37. Scott H.F., Deakyne S.J., Woods J.M. et al. The prevalence and diagnostic utility of systemic inflammatory response syndrome vital signs in a pediatric emergency department. Acad. Emerg. Med., 2015, vol. 22, pp. 381-389.

38. Singer M., Deutschman C.S., Seymour C.W. et al. The Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA, 2016, vol. 315, pp. 801-8101.

39. van Paridon B.M., Cathy S., Guerra G.G. et al. Alberta Sepsis Network Timing of antibiotics, volume, and vasoactive infusions in children with sepsis admitted to intensive care. Crit. Care, 2015, vol. 19, pp. 293.

40. Weiss S.L., Deutschman C.S. Are septic children really just “septic little adults”? Int. Care Med., 2018, vol. 44, pp. 392-394.

41. Weiss S., Fitzgerald J.C., Maffei F.A. et al. SPROUT Pediatric Severe Sepsis Study American. J. Respir. Crit. Care Medicine, 2015, vol. 191, pp. 1147-1157.

42. Weiss S.L., Fitzgerald J.C., Balamuth F. et al. Delayed antimicrobial therapy increases mortality and organ dysfunction duration in pediatric sepsis. Crit. Care Med., 2014, vol. 42, pp. 2409-2417.

43. Weiss S.L., Peters M.J. Focus on paediatrics: 2017. Int. Care Med., 2018, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-017-5025-4


Review

For citations:


Lekmanov A.U., Mironov P.I., Rudnov V.A., Kulabukhov V.V. MODERN DEFINITIONS AND PRINCIPLES OF INTENSIVE CARE OF SEPSIS IN CHILDREN. Messenger of ANESTHESIOLOGY AND RESUSCITATION. 2018;15(4):61-69. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21292/2078-5658-2018-15-4-61-69



Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.


ISSN 2078-5658 (Print)
ISSN 2541-8653 (Online)