Вено-венозная экстракорпоральная мембранная оксигенация в терапии тяжелой дыхательной недостаточности (обзор литературы)

Цель – обобщить имеющиеся данные о применении В-В ЭКМО (вено-венозной экстракорпоральной мембранной оксигенации) при тяжелой дыхательной недостаточности и актуализировать представления о тактике интенсивной терапии.

 Материалы и методы. Поиск информации осуществляли в базах данных: Web of Science, Scopus, Medline, PubMed, РИНЦ, eLibrary и др. Отобрали 48 литературных источников, содержащих современные подходы к проведению В-В ЭКМО, а также актуальные данные клинических и научных исследований по теме обзора.

 Результаты. Рассмотрены физиологические аспекты В-В ЭКМО, показания к применению и данные об эффективности метода при лечении тяжелой дыхательной недостаточности различной этиологии. Приведены актуальные клинические данные по тактике ведения и аспектам интенсивной терапии.

 Заключение. Обеспечение «легочного покоя» с созданием условий для восстановления газообменной функции легких – основная точка приложения В-В ЭКМО в интенсивной терапии тяжелой дыхательной недостаточности. Индивидуализированный подход при оценке показаний и своевременная инициация метода в многопрофильных учреждениях с большим опытом применения являются ключевыми факторами, улучшающими результаты лечения пациентов данной группы.

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